PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to take a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.